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Unique Facility for Producing Gaseous Hydrogen. / June 2, 2017 /

The Chemical Automatics Design Bureau (KBKhA is a part of ENERGOMASH) has developed the facility for producing carbon nanostructures (CNs) and gaseous hydrogen during a single production cycle thereby reducing the costs of hydrogen production as well as saturating the market with affordable gaseous hydrogen of required purity and increasing the natural gas saving in the energy sector by using gaseous hydrogen.

The authors of the facility note that at present the CNs are needed in many industries both in Russia and abroad when producing new multipurpose composite materials based on metals, polymers, rubber, and alloys in space engineering, and high-capacity networks, sensor and nano-electromechanical devices in electronic industry and medicine. The alternative power sources are of greater interest now for industry, motor transport and households as well.

The hydrogen production using conventional methods is related to large capital expenditures resulting in a high product cost and certain difficulties when transition from traditional heat sources to hydrogen. To reduce the cost of hydrogen production the KBKhA developed a special-purpose facility designed to decompose natural gas in plasma with simultaneous production of CNs. The facility for CNs and gaseous hydrogen production in a single technological cycle will encourage the above problems to be solved.

The proposed facility has significant advantages over its counterparts. In particular, the pyrolysis take part at 1600-1800ºС and overpressure of about 0.1-0.2 kgf/cm2 thereby increasing in producing the atomic carbon giving the rise of CNs; the introduction of different volatile catalysts into reaction zone is simplified; the reactor for carbon reforming and CN synthesis may be used where the CN growth occurs; the filter for diffusion purification of hydrogenous pyrogas to produce gaseous hydrogen of given purity may be use; the output of end carbonaceous product is about 0.15kg/h. This results in the gaseous hydrogen of the given purity ~100-150 nm3/h.

This facility may be used in various fields of national economy. For example, in space technology for ground testing of hydrogen liquid-propellant rockets, in autonomous and stationary high-performance pollution-free power plants, in ecologically conscious hydrogen turbo drives for surface and above-water transport engines, in chemical industry, and in technological processes of machine-building and national economy. Moreover, the CNs may be applied to space technology for producing new composite materials based on metals, in automotive and tractor industry to produce the latex-CN composition-based tires, in electronics to produce high-capacity networks, in medicine to develop nano-electromechanical devices, and in national economy to produce electrically and heat conductive adhesives.

KBKhA manufactured the prototype, conducted preliminary testing, and received the patents for the invention. According to the KBKhA estimates, the project can be paid back in five years.

ROSCOSMOS Press Service

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