METEOR-M No.1, No.2, No.2-2 Spacecrafts (In Operation)

Meteor-M No.1 — 17 September 2009
Meteor-M No.2 — 8 July 2014
Meteor-M No.2-2 — 5 July 2019

Mission Purpose
Global observation of the Earth’s atmosphere and underlying surface to acquire hydrometeorological and heliogeophysical data on a regular and global basis.

Current Tasks

• Global observation of the Earth’s surface;


• Environmental monitoring;


• Natural and man-made disaster monitoring;


• Solving of agricultural and forestry problems;


• Scientific research;


• Data acquisition and transmission from DCPs (Data Collection Platforms) of different types (ground, ice and drifting)

Main Characteristics

• Prime Contractor: JSC VNIIEM Corporation;


• Orbit: Circular sun-synchronous, Н average=832 km, period Т=101.3 min, and inclination i=98.85 deg;


• Launcher: Soyuz-FG carrier rocket with Fregat upper stage;


• Mean-square error of attitude control by X,Y axes is no more than 10 angular minutes, by Z axis is no more than 15 angular minutes;


• Energy supply: average daily — up to 1000 W and maximum within 10 minutes — up to 1350 W;


• Design lifetime: No.1 — 5 years, No.2 — 7 years; No.2-2 — 5 years


• S/C mass: 2700 kg;


• Payload mass: 320 kg

Sensor Complement

• Multispectral VIS/IR optical instruments (KMSS, MSU-MR);


• Radiometric microwave equipment for atmospheric temperature and humidity sounding (MTVZA-GY) — microwave radiometer;


• Infrared Fourier Spectrometer tasked to provide atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles (IKFS-2) — for Meteor-M No.2;


• Heliogeophysical equipment (GGAK-M) consisting of five instruments per one platform for studying radiation of wide energy spectrum;


• Onboard Radar Complex (BRLK) for taking radar images of the earth’s surface regardless of weather conditions;


• Data Collection and Transmission Radio System comprising a system for acquiring data from ground measuring platforms (SSPD)

Meteor-M Instrument Package Characteristics

MSU-MR:

• Imaging spectral bands, µm:
  — Red (0.5 — 0.7);
  — Near IR (0.7 — 1.1);
  — Middle IR (1.6 — 1.8);
  — Middle IR (3.5 — 4.1);
  — Far IR (10.5 — 11.1);
  — Far IR (11.5 — 12.5)


• Swath width (when imaging from 835 km orbit): 2800 km


• Spatial resolution (pixel size projection onto ground with Н=835 km): < 1.0 km

KMSS:

• Spectral channel number: 3


• Imaging spectral ranges, µm:
  — Green of MSU-50 (0.37 — 0.45), MSU-100 (0.535 — 0.575);
  — Red of MSU-50 (0.45 — 0.51), MSU-100 (0.3 — 0.68);
  — Near IR of MSU-50 (0.58 — 0.69), MSU-100 (0.76 — 0.9)


• Swath width when 2 cameras operate simultaneously: 900 km


• Resolution: 60-120 m

BRLK:

• Carrier frequency: 9500-9700 MHz


• Swath width: no less than 600 km


• Spatial resolution:
  — Low resolution mode – 0.7×1.0 km

— Medium resolution mode – 0.4×0.5 km

MTVZA-GY:

• Channel number: 29


• Spectral range: 10.6 ÷ 183.31 GHz


• Swath width: 1500 km


• Spatial resolution: 16-198 km

SSPD:

• Number of serviced platform (DCP): about 5 thousand


• Number of concurrently serviced DCPs: about 150

Prospective Data Consumers
Hydrometeorological and heliogeophysical services of the Russian Federation and foreign countries